The FBI's 62-HQ-83894 case file includes investigative records, eyewitness testimonies, and public reports concerning Unidentified Flying Objects and fl…
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62-IHQ-ii3894 1 im,oo s &ECTION 6
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I
O.ffic;M CGOVERN~E, T
Memorl dum • UNITED STATES
TO D. Ji. Lad/_ez_A(. DATE: August 2.v,f~ "--
FROM A . H. Be}@
SUBJECT: SUMMARY 0-;J;;ERIAL
PHENOMENA IN NEW MEXICO 1:arbo_ _
MISCELLANEOUS - INFORMATION CONCERNING Bel,m.,nt_
~Ohr
_
"."~ 1 , . hoom_
i,e:tse_ _
PURPOSE I , /Gendy_ _
K/, I (
To advise that : {1) OSI has expressed concern in J
) connection with the continued appea rance of unexplained phen~mena
described as green fireballs, discs and meteo r s in the vicin i t y µ ~
of sensit i ve instal lations in New Mexico . {2) Dr. LaPa2 , Meteo r
Expe r t of the University of New Mexico , reported that the phenomena
does not appear to be of meteor ic ·origin . (3) OSI has contracted
I with Land - Ai r Inc ., Alamogordo , New Mexico , to make scientifi?
study of the unexplained phenomena .
NATURE OF PHENOMENA
·c r i
I
Obse r vations of aerial phenomena occurring within the
vicinity of sensit i ve installations have been reco rded by the
Air Force since December, 1948. The phenomena have been
classified into 3 general types which a re identified as follows :
1 . Green fireballs, objects moving at high speed
in shapes r esembling half moons, circles and discs emitting
green light .
2 . Discs , round flat shaped objects or phenomena
mouing at fast ueloci~y and emitting a brilliant white light
or reflected light .
3 . Meteors, aerial phenomena resembling meteor ic '
material moving at high velocity and varying in colo r.
The above phenomena have been reported to vary in
co l or from brilliant white to amber, red and green .
Since 1948, approximately 150 observations of aerial
phenomena r eferr ed to above have been recorded in the vicinity
of inst allations in New Mexico . A number of observations have
been reported by diffe r ent reliable in d ividuals at approximately
1 the same time .
~£CORDED. t
\ND£XEO • 2
SEP 18 1950
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RESULTS OF AN INQUIRY BY PROFESSOR LINCOLN LA PAZ
Dr. LaPaz, Di rector, Instttute of Meteorittcs,
University of New Mexico, submitted an analysis of the various
observations on May 23, 1950. He concluded, as a result of
his investtgation, that approximately half of the phenomena
recorded we re of meteoric origin . The other phenomena
commonly referred to as green fi r eballs or discs he believed
to be U.S. guided miss-iles be in g tested in the neighborhood
of the installations. Dr . LaPaz pointed out that tf he were
wrong in interpreting the phenomena as originating with U. S.
guided missiles that a systematic investigation of the obser
vations should be made immediately. Dr . LaPa2 pointed out that
missiles moving with the velocities of the order of those
found for the green fireballs and discs could travel from the
Ural region of the USSR to New Mexico in less than 15 minutes .
He suggested that the observations might be of guided missiles
launched from bases in the Urals.
i) '
On the basis of the investigations made by Dr . LaPa2
and the Air Force, it was concluded that the occurrence of the
unexplained phenomena in the vicinity of sensitive installations
) was a cause for concern . The Atr Force entered into a contract
with Lard-Air, Incorporated, Alamogordo , New Mexico, f or the
pur pose of making scientific studies of the green fireballs and
dtscs . It was pointed out in the summary furnished by OSI on
July 19, 1950, that the unexplained greenfireballs and discs
are still observed in the vicinity of sensitive military and
l) Go,pernment installations.
RESULTS OF AI R FORCE INVES TIGATION
The Air Force together with Land- Air, Incorporated,
have established a number of observation posts in the vicinity
of Vaughn, New Mexico , for the purpose of photographing and
determining the speed, height and nature of the unusual
phenomena referre d to as green fireballs and discs. On May 24,
1950, personnel of Land- Air, Incorporated, sighted 8 to 10
objects of aerial phenomena. A 24~'flj ur day watch is being
) maintained and has been designated ~ roJ·ect Xw}qkl~_."
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CONCLUSIONS
The Albuquerque Office, in a lette r dated August 10,
1950, advtsed that there have been no new developments in connection
with the efforts to ascertain the identity of the strange aerial
phenomena referred to as green fireballs and discs . The Albuquerque
Office advised that Dr . Anthony o . .Mirarchi, Project Engineer,
had been informed of the Bureauajurisdtction relative to espionage
and sabotage and arrangements have been made so that the Bureau
will be promptly advised in the event additional information relative
to this project indicates any jurisdiction on the part of the
) Bureau . .
ACTION I
I None. The above is for your in/on ation .
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September 8, 19.50
To: Director of Special Investigations
The lnapect.or General
Departcont or the Air Force
The Pentnnon
Washington, D. C.
From: John Edgar Hoover - Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Subject: FLYING SAUC~.!RS
There is attached hereto ror your considerction and
attention a copy of a self-explanatory letter dated August 29, 1950,
received by this Burenu from •r. alter D. Jones, ot 36 King Street East,
Toronto, Ontorlo, Cannda.
For your intomntion., the letter fro !Jr. Jones hoe been
acknowledged by this Burenu, and he has been informed hie communication
hes been referred to your Depart.cent.
EHlrl: eas 0:-~
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STANDARD FORM NO. 64 •
q IOffice Met,
1
.-vrtdum • UNITED STiTES G0 ,
0 TO : MR. A . H. BELMONT a DATE: Se pte mber 27, 1950
TOl_ __
FROM IIR, L. L. L AUGH~
I/ I
- Ladd._ _
Clea _
Olavln_ _
SUBJECT: ~ LYI NG SA UCERS (
NlchOll__
Rosen_ _
Tracy_ _
Harbo_ _
SAC Cornelius of Philadelphia called at 1 0 :45 A.JI. Be!Jlollt_ _
11011r_ _
today and stated that yesterday evening while two offi cers of Tole. Hooa_
the Philadelphia Poli ce Depar-tment were cruising in their
scout car they saw through the windshield an object descending
slowly to t he earth which appea r ed at first glance to be a
parachute .
When the of ficers first noticed the object, it was a
tree - top level and was described as being six feet in diameter .
It landed in a field near-by and the officers, upon examining tt,
noted that it gave out a purplish glow wh ich was almost a mist.
The officersrummoned two other police officers. After looking
at the object for some time the y attempted to pick it up . The
object broke, leaving a slight odorless residue. Over a period
of about 25 minutes which the officers spent watching the object
i t completely disinte g rated. The officers further commented that
the object was so light that when it hit the field, it did not
even bend the weeds or the grass it fell on .
Jlr. Cornelius said that he has called the local of fi • e
of the Air Force but the individual with whom he s p oke there said
he knew nothing about them and was not aware that his office was
lookin g into reports of thi s type •
. Mr . Cornelius desired to know what furthe r action should
be taken by him.
I told Jlr. Cornelius that he was correct in referring
this matter to the local office of OSI and that he sh ould direct
a letter to the Bureau incorporating all available information
concerning the matter and that we here, upon i t s recei pt, in turn
would bring it ~o the attention of OSI Headquarters .
LLL:mer
RECORDED . 84
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....EPAR; MENT OF :TH; A I R FORCE\ Ill.'
~ DQUARTERS UNITED STATES A I R FORCE'
WASHINGTON 25, O. C.
Authority:
NND90986
\
Hon. J. Edgar Hoover
Director, Federal Bureau of Inveotigation
Department of Justice
Washington 25, D. C.
Dear tfr. Hoover :
The inclosed letter, subject: "Reporting of Information
on Unconventional Aircraft, 11 is forwarded for your information
4!).d any cooperation you may be able to extend.
As indicated in the lett er it is des:red to place this
rsubject in its proper perspective as part of the normal USAF
~equirement for inf'ormation of air technical intelligence
'-interest.
Respectfully youre,
C. P. CABELL
~ajar General, USAll'
Director of Intell1genoo
0
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~I. ' 'J., .\ • ''T~'- d
~. ocument contains information affecting the national defense
of tho United States within the mccu:~-:; ')f .he &spionage La-rs, Titlo 18
U.S.C,, Sections 793 an l 704. Ita to•...,,.,,1-...:1'..>n or the revelation of its
CQntenta in any manner to en 1:!".C:t. '• ..:• r.:l"tson is pzohibited by Jc-••."
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• DEPARTMEt~ OF THE AIR FORCE
•
HFADQ,UARTERS UNIT.ED STATES AIR FORCE
WASHINGTON 25, D. C.
AFOIC-CC-1 8 September 1950
SUBJ:FX:T: Reporting of In.formation on Unconventional Aircraft
TO: Commanding Generals. 11.a.Jor Air Con11rands. ZI and Overseas
All United States Air Attaches
1. The United Sta.tea Air Force has a continuing requirement
for the reporting and technical analysis of observations of uncon
ventional aircraft which might indicate an advance in technological
progress of a :roreign power. An unconventional aircraft, within
the meaning of this directive, is defined as e.rq aircraft or air
borne obJect which by performance, aerody!lamic chsroeteristice, or
unusual features, does not conform to aey presently known airers.ft
tn,e.
2. It is desired that information on unconventional aircraft
be reported in the following manner:
a. A s8J)arate report of each incident will be forwarded.
No information other than that bearing on the unconventional air
craft will be included in this report.
b. Priority of tran~J!lisaion accorded the report will be
that a.:p-propriate in the Judgm1a1~t of the forwarding agency, accord
ing to its apparent authenticity and importance as intelligence.
c. Reports will be forwarded to Commanding General, Air
Materiel Command, Attention: MCIS.
d. Renorts forwarded by electrical transm1es1on will
include, as far aa possible:
(l) A brief description of the obJect(e); its ehe.pe,
size, color, number, formation 11 more the.r. one,
aerodynamic features, trail or exhaust, propul
sion eyotem, speed, sound, maneuvers, manner of
disappearance, and other ~ertinent or unusual
features.
(2) Timo sighted in 24-hour clock zonal time, and
length of time observed.
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-- •
(3) Manner or ooaervatton; vieua.1 or elootron1o, from air
(giYe speed, altitude, and tYpe of aircraft), or surface.
Any t)'l>e of optical or olectronio equipment uoed ohould
be described.
(4) Location of obeerTer d.urine eightinc, giving emct lati
t~de and longitude as closely as feasible, e:ad/or refereno~
to a known landmark. Location of obJect(s) with reopeot to
observer, giving distance, direction, and altitude.
(5) Identifying information on obeerTer(e) and Witnesses,
eetiJ11ate of reliabilit~ and experience, and aDT faotore
bearing on e&time.ted reliability of the o1ght1ng.
(6) Weather ani!. Vind condi ti one (teletyPe eequencee) at timft
and pla0e or aightings.
(7) Arq activity or cond1 tion, neteorolog1ce.l or otherw1ee,
which might accowit ~or the sighting.
(8) Ed.etence ot tUl¥ ~sica.l evidence; fragments, photo
graph• and the like, of the sighting.
(9) Interception or identification action taken. (Such
ection. ehould be takeu whenever teaeible, complying
w1 th exietil'lg air de:tente direotives.)
e. Beporte forvarded by eleotrioa.l tra.nemieaion vill be follo~ed
up Vi thin ten (10) dsya by a vritten report on AJ Form 112. Thh report
will contain the ea.me 1nf'orma.tlon specified 111 subparagraph 2d above in
greater detail, and where feasible v1ll include sketches and aigned attested
narrative 1tatemente of observers.
f. Written reports of a1ght1nge~ where no previous electricall7
tranemitted report has been submitted, will follow the same fonn as the
written follow-up report described 1n subparagraph 2e above.
g. AQ phya1oal ertdence of the e1ght1J16 will be forwarded by
most exped1 ttoue means to Command1ng General, Air Materiel Command, Attn~
MCIS, under cover of' a lotter identityin« the shipment with the report ot
a1ght1Jlt;. Mention ot the method and time ot eh1pp1n,; of' thie evidenoe
will be included in written report ot the sighting.
3. It 1e 4ee1red tha~ no p~blioit7 be given this reporting or
a.ne.~o1 • act1 T1 ty.
BY COMMA.ND OF THE CHIEF OF STAFF:
Info copiee to:
Dir/Int, G-2, Army
Dir/Naval Int.
Comoondant (111T) US Coast Gus.rd
(lC. r1 G,_,;J,.(-/ __
F. CABELL
Sp Ae1t for Research & Intel. State Major General, USAF
Direotor JBI D1 rector of Intelli gonce
Director of CIA
f\(\~ lt:Jof~ rT• I\ I
C Vi \Ji t Vr lhC
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!, OARD FORM NO. 64 •
0j!fe-Memoraridum • UNIT ED STATES GOVERNMENT
•
•
THE DIRECTOR
t October 9, 1950
TO DATB:
'l'Ol eon ~
FROM
IIR. D. 11. LADD
SUBJECT:
O FLYING SAUCERS
FUING DISCS
1/
Traey_ _
GREEN FIREBALLS Harbo_ _
Mohr_ __
Tele. Room_
PURPOSE Oancly_ _
To advise you 0£ the most recent informtion l<;nam, tQ .t}la
Bureau concerning the captioned aer1.a1 phenomena.
BACKGROUND
You w:i.ll recall that on August 2.3, 1950, I furnished to you a
memorandum regarding Project Tw:inkJ.e set up by the Department of the
Air Force, with the assistance of Land-A:ir, Inc., at Vaughn, New Mexico,
for the purpose of obtaining data regarding these unusual aerial phenomena
which had been seen in the vicinity of sensitive installatims in New
Mexico. To. date the Air Force has not advised us of aw PAJI ~vel2!!1ents
in connecticn with t.his project-7 ,
Dr. Anthony o. Mirarchi, Project Engineer of Project Twinkle, has
been contacted by the ilbuquerque Office and arrangements have been made in
order that 1:ihe Bureau will be advised in the event any in£ormation relative
to t.heBe phenanena indicates any jurisdiction on the part of the Bureau.
According to Bureau files, an av~age of appro:x:imately three or
0
£our ~ laints have been received per month £:rom Junrthrough Seif'tember.
These complaints were brought to the attention of OSI. A review of Bureau files
does not indicat.e that there has been arry increase in the sight.ings of these
phenomena during or as a result of the -war in Korea.
JURISDIGI'ION FOR INVESTIGATION OF 'ffiESE PHENOUENA
You will recall the investigation to obtain information concerning
II these aeria:l. pbenanena is the jm-isdiction 0£ the Department of the Air Force.
The Department 0£ the Air Force is aware o:f our jurisdiction in matters
relat.i.ng to espionage, sa~otage and internal security, and we have contacted
OSI and requested them to advise us of any developmentB in connection wi. th
these phenomena ·which would be o:f interest to us as a resul.t of our
jurisdiction •
EEM:de
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f4 RECORDED • 105 l t ~1 3a' y I - 4 .,ff\
Vlil 10 1 5
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ijl;T 161950
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POSSIBLE ORIDIN OF THESE AERIAL PHENOMENA
The Bureau has been advised in the past by OSI that many of the
sightings reported to them were determined by :investigation to have been
of weather ballocns, falling stars, meteorological Iiienomena and other air-borne
objects.
INFORMATION OBTAD1ED BY BUREAU LIAIOON FROM OSI, WASHINGTON, D. C.
RE THE CAPTIONED MA1'rffis ON OCTOBER 9, 1950.
Bureau liaison determined on the morning of October 9, 1950 .from
OSI headquarters that the :investigations of these aerial phenomena are being
handled by OSI, Wright Field, Ohio. Their investigation of these
phenomena fails to indicate that the sightings involved space sbips or
missiles from a:ny other planet or country.
---------
According to OSI, the complaints received by them have failed to
~'' indicate any definite pattern of activity. OSI .further advised they are close~
following the investigation of the captioned matters, and they will advise this
Bureau of any matters of interest.
ACTION
None. The above is for your information.
- 2 -
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POSSIDLE ORIGii! Oi TI!El'E Ai":fiIAL Pifil?JO!.M:A
The Bureau hes boon advisocl in tho p.:i.st l.:r.f OCI t.rui t; ra-,y of tho
oighti."lgc reported to them 'UO!"o dctcroincd by inves~..,ici+tion to h~vc ocen
of r.oathcr ballocno, i'o.ll.'i~ c tnro, odtcorolo~ical }tlono:t1coa ruid other n:i.r borne
objects .
3l1 BY BU? :T ~Ol On'. , \1Ac-r.:1!!t1TOU, D. C•
lus t4!'ut.... u, 9 , 1950.
Bureau l:iaicon detorr '.,:iod on tho. T.!Orning of October 9 , 1950 fi•om
OSI hoad.~unrtoi-s tbat the inveatlrsationo o£ tiicae .! rw phenomena arc being
0
handlod by O"I, r.right Field, Ohio . 'i'hoir invo::Jt~tion of i.'icnc
i;ncno:nona fe.il.c to inclioo.tc tha.t th s1 chtincs involved op.lee s ips or
ms silos f'roo .any other plo.nct or com'try .
Accord:ing to Oo.1I, tho cor.tplnints rocoivod l:iy them hnvc failed to
indio.:i.to any definite ttorn of activity. O::J: f'urthcr a.dvi~ctl they v.re closely
.i'ollomnc the invcstication of the ooptianod mttors, n..,id they i:.i.ll adv.lso t.~is
Dureau of .my tto1·0 or intcroot .
Pono . Tio above in £or rom· :Lrifornnt on .
- 2 -
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~ - -- ~ M • I
Office Memorandum • UNITED sTATEs GOVERNMENT
TO DIRECTOR, FBI D ATE: October 2, 1950
F~ : SAC, PHILADELPHIA ATTENTION: MR. IEO LAUGHLIN
~ ECT: FLYING DISC REPORTED AT
PHILADELPHIA ON 9/26/So
C_JJ:_ SA')L,tl'"'
During the late evenmg hours orSep1:.ember 26, 1950, two Phila
delphia pol ice officers observed a peculiar phenomenon on Vare
Boulevard near 26th Street when they sa\r a round object about
six feet 1n circumference slowly f l oat down to the ground.
The object had the appearance of a parachute and landed in a field,
it being so light it did not even depress the weeds in the field.
The object was lavender in color, described by the off~cers as
dewy, sort of like soap suds, and evaporating within fifteen or
twenty minutes after it landed. When touched by the off icers, the
substance composing the object disappeared, leaving nothing but a
slight sticky substance.
I This matter was reported to this office by the Philadelphia
Police and for that matter, was subsequentl y carried in the
Philadelphia press as "Fl ying Saucer Just Dissol ves" .
.,,, - ;7
Mr. LAUGHLIN of the Bureau was telephonically advised of the above
by this office and issued instructi ons that the matter should be
referred to Air Force Intelligence for handling and any investigation.
Accordingly, Major WA'ITS of the Philadelphia Office of OSI was
telephonicalfy advised of the above and no further action was taken
by tl?,is office .
FMK/mmd
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--- PAGE 19 ---
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MR. JONES.
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OCT 11 3 42 PM '50
RE Cf.l'IEO
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--- PAGE 22 ---
AL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION ~
U STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTIC
~ ------
To: COMMUNICATIONS SECTION.
OOTCl3ER 13, 1950 lJRQEI7r
Transmit the following message to:
SAC, US IJm:IE3
O FIJID:o SAUCERS. you ARE DiSTRUCTED To DISCREETLY
PPROPRIATE RELIABLE souncm OF YOUR CFFICB
mtE'rllER JT''!:-V.: .)Ctr,LY, At11'IIOR OF THE BOOJC QUarE BEHll4> TBB PLYml
SA~ m ':;"a?Z IS IDE?1t'ICAL 'l'O THE FRMil SCULU O HAS BEEN
.
OED IN Cvlt!.:i'.UNJl:ST ACTIVI'llm SINCE 1"HB IATB RIHB'l'E!N
www.ms Ill THE fERRl'l'atI (J! yom CFP'ICB.
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• • ••
--- PAGE 24 ---
I'~ r"'\ T"T" A T
J 'I .Ki..- •
• 0£PARTM£NT OF THE AIR FORCE
HEADQUARTERS UNITED STATES AIR FORCE
WASHINGTON
THiC IN ■ PCC T Olt OCNCRAL U 84'
Autholity: 17TH 0t9TRICT OF"FICE CF" SPECIAL lNVESTtGATI ONS
l<fJITl,. AN O AUt ' 0 A' C I! 9A.8 t. N CW M t 'W.ICO
NND90986
DR/ms
File Ho : 25 Hay 1950
SUBJECT : Summary or Observations ~erial Phenomena in the New
Mexico Area , December 1948 - Uay 1950
TO : Brigadier Gener al Jos eph F . Carroll
Director of Special· Invest.igations
Headquarters USAF
Washington 25 , D . C. ff 1 /, I
1. In a liaison meeting with other military and government intel
1
ligence and investigat1ve agencies in December 1948, it was determined
that the frequency of unexplained aerial phenomena in the New Me~dco area
was such that an organized plan of r eporting these observations should be
undertaken . The organization a_~d phys ical location of units of this Dis
trict were mo~t suitable for collecting these data , therefore , since
December 1948, this District 'has assumed the responsibility for collect
ing and reporting basic informati on with respect to nerial phenomena
occurring in this general area . These r eports have been distributed to
the Air Materiel Command , USAF , in accordance v1ith Air Intelligence
Requirements No . 4 , and to other interested military and government
agencies .
2. The r e is attached . as a part of this summary , a compilation of
aerial phenomena sightings that have occurred mostly in the Ne,·1 Mexico
area and have been reported by this Distr ict Office subsequent to
December 1948 . This compilation of sightings is not a complete record
of all reported observations , but includes only those in which sufficient
i nformation was available to justify their inclusion. The observers of
these phenomena include scientists , Special Agents of the Office of
Special Investigations (IG) USAF , air line pilots , military pilots , Los ~
Ala.mos Security Inspectors , military personnel . and many other persons
of various occupations whose reliab ility is not questioned . This com-
.lJ!lilation sets forth the most important characteristics with respect to
~/ach observation and evaluates each sighting into one of thr ee c lassifi
ations , (1) green fireball phenomenon , (2) disc or variation , and (5)
~ robably meteoric . ~ f ~ /1/-
1\llW'l ~i) • 87 - - .-
3. There is also att~~cf an anal~fs of the green fireba ll
occurrences in this aren made by Dr . LinSoI r l.a?az . Dr . LaPaz is the ~
0 s' -e 1--- ' ~
-
&19 ./ CONFIDEN1'1AL i,}Y' u
--- PAGE 25 ---
•
File No: (24- 8) - 28
Subj : Summary of Observations of Aerial Phenomena in
the New Mexico Area , December 1948 - 11ay 1950 2 5 ?.1a.y 1950
Director of tho Institute of Meteoritics and Head of the Department of
Ma.thematics and Astr onomy at the University of New Moxico , He was Re
search Mathematician a.t the New Mexico Proving Grounds under an OSRD
appointment in 1943 and 1944 , and Technical Dir ector of the Operat ions ·
Analysis Section, Headquarters , Second Air For ce , 1944- 45 , Since 1948 ,
Dr . LaPaz has served on a voluntary basis as consultant for this Dis
trict in connection with the green fireball investi gations .
4. On 17 February 1949 and again on 14 October 1949 , conferences
were held at Los Alamos , N'ew liexico , for tho purpose of discussing t he
green fireball phenomena. Ropresentativos of the following organizat ions
were present · at these meetings : Fourth Arrey , Armed Forces Special Wea
pons Project , University of Now Mexico , Federal Bureau of Inve sti gation,
U, s . Atomic Energy Col!Dllission , University of California, U, S . Air Force
Scientific Advisory Board, Geophysical Research Division Air Materiel
Command USAF , and the Office of Special Inve stigations ( IG) USAF . A
logical explanation was not proffered with r espect to t he origin of the
green fireballs. It was , hovJOver , gener ally concluded tho.t tho pheno
mena existed and that they should be studied scientifically i.mtil theso
occurrenc e s havo be en satisfactorily 0.xplo.ined . Further , that tho
continued occurrence of une>..-pln.i11od phenomena of this nature in the
vicinity of sensitive installations is cause for concern.
5. ·The Geophysical Research Division, Air lJateriol Command ,
Crunbridge , Massachusetts , ho.s r ecently let a contract to Land- Air , Inc . ,
Holloman l.FB , Alamogordo , New Mexico , for a limited scientific study of
green fireballs . The r esults of t h is scientific o.pproach to "the pr oblem
will undoubtedly be of gr eat value in determining tho origin of t hese
phenomena .
6. This summary of observations of aerial phenomena has been
prepared for the purpose of r e - emphasizing and r eiter ating the fact
that phenomena. have continuously occurred in the New Mexico skie s
during the past 18 months nnd a.r e continuing to occur , and , secondly ,
that these phenomena are occurring in the vicinity of sensitive mili
to.cy o.nd government installations .
~--~~,.-
v ,..-_,,le,
_-1 x.;·~-~-~
\ -
4 Incls DOYLE EES
1. Summary of Sightings Lt C lone 1 , USAF
2 . Photo of Sighting No . 175 Dis ict Comrn~ndcr
w/comments
3 . Ltr fr Dr . La.Paz to Lt Col
Rees , dtd 23 May 50
4 . Graph indicating me.ximums
2
co~~FIDENTIAL
--- PAGE 26 ---
File No :
Subj:
•
( 24- 8) - 28
SUlTllllary of Observations of Aerial Phenomena in
the New Mexico .Area , December 1948 - May 1950
• 25 May 1950
DISTRIBUTION :
, cys , Director of Special Investigations, Headquarters USAF
1 e, , GG , Ail" Me.~eriel C01,,,u,.na , iJrie;h~ Pe:l;tereon .\FE, O~o
Mi:ei. thr ee tm of"='fecludcal Intelligen~
1 cy~ CG , Special Weapons Command , Kirtland AFB , New !foxico
]. cy , CG , Armed Services Special 'Nee.pons Project , Sandia Base ,
NfM Mexico . ATTlI : J - 2
1 ey, CG, ~e..dq:ua.1 tere, Foi.u:tA Army, Ft ,.-S,em. Houstoa, 'l!exa..i;.
A!J.'!DI . 1r.e of s • G~
1 cy , CO , Holloman AFB , New Mexico
~~ CO; Air Foree CambPi&~~boPatorios , Cambridge, 15a,s,e,•
1 cy , Director , Security Division, U. s. Atomic Energy Commission ,
Los Alamos , New Mexico , ATTM: Mr . B. o. Wells
1 cy , Federal Bureau of Investigation , El Paso , Texas
1 cy , Federal Bureau of Investigation , Al buquerque, New Nexico
1 ey , A.it Fo r ~ - i . - e - A ~·d , Pen"be.goo. lh,1ileli'A@;
A~N I Dr,.,.- JeeeptI Kaplan .
l-ey., Rea earon end- D8'\.·clopmen;; B-oara;-Fcl'.rlla:gen 13:uild.a.i.g
A~"l-f,li-:--I;:;:,:::!~:~!.ael-&l:l'et'~~i,c-ere-t1t'±Ve D1recto1, ~J!l!Jl~tteo on
.
lcy , File
--- PAGE 27 ---
'1 •
·• THE UNIVERSIT Y OF N EW MEXICO
ALBUQUERQUE
•
INSTITUTE OF METEORITICS
?Jay 23 , 1950
To: L·.; . Co].onel Doyle Rees > Commandin~ Officer
17th District , O. 3. I .
From : Lincoln LaPaz , Dir ector
Institute of 11eteoritics
Subject: Anomalous Luminous Pnenomena ( Seventh Report)
1. In the second report of this series , dated 1948 , Decemb er 20 , the
writer listed ten significant differences bet·,'!een the bri:;}'lt green horizon
tally- moving fireba l ls observed in the interval 1948 , December 5-20 , a nd
typical meteors . These differences vJere the following :
( l) The horizontal nature of the paths of nos·t of the December
fi r eballs is most unusual . Genuine met eors are rarely observed to move
in horizontal paths .
(2) Age.in the very lo·w height of the December f ireball discu ssed
in section 2 above sets it off in sharp contrast from the f.; enuine
meteors for ·which hei ghts of the order of 40 or more miles are nf,:-.· -
mally observed .
(3) The velocity determined for the fi r eball of Dece1-::ber 12 is
much less than the velocities det ermined from typical meteors (and
yet is considerably greater than the speeds of the V-2 Rockets or
jet planes or of conventional flares) .
( 4) In the case of meteorites that oenetrate to as low levels
as that determined for the firebal l of D~cemb er 12 , t he observed lu
minous phenomena are always accompanied by very violent noises . No
noises whatever have been observe,d in connection with the various
December fireballs so far investi gated . (Note added on 1950 , May 23 :
Possible exceptions to the noiselessness of green f ireballs a re ·!;he
incidents of 1949 ~ January 30 , and 1949 , December 4.)
(5) Genu:inem.eteorsaormally show remarkable variations in
b r ightness , beg innin g; as "fine thin h a i r lines , which are sca.rcoly
visible to the observer , and then brightenin g up to flash out near ·
the end of their paths . In t he case of the December fir eb alls mos t
of the observers have reporte d t h a-\:; t h e g reen bal ls appeared almost
instantly at their full brigp.tness .
--- PAGE 28 ---
To: Lt . Colonel Doy le Rees - Page 2
Sub j: Anomalo1.1.s Luminot~s Phenomena ( S eventh Re~"'o r t) ~1a.y 25 , 1950
( 6) In the ce.se of Gen uine meteors the pe..ths ar0 directed ";o
v1a,r d all points of tb.e compass v,i·th e q,~al :::'r c quoncy . Cn tr:e c o:n.'.;r a r -.,·
in the casq1, of t},e g;r cen fi r eballs , plots of adm.issible approccs1 sec
tors show tha"'v the r e is a vorr:r p1· onouncGd tendency fo r 'the paths to
come in f rom the north half of the s}::y .
( 7) The three groups of anor.1alous [·: reenisr hn1 inous pncno1 !1ena
show a cur ious association with ··; ell k:.~own meteor sho,;1e r s , alt::ou.:;n
none of these ~·.1etcor showers nor mally p ro ~,uce extr0mely 1::rif,ht s r een
fi r eballs , sv.ch as those recently o·c servcd . ?or exampl e . th0 obser
v2.ti on mentioned by :·:r . : :onnig appeared nee.r the ma::im,un of the
Quadrant'id shower of e arly januar:; , ; ir . ;:cC ullour:;h I s o~s c rva.tiou of.
August v1as near the time o.f.' the Pers id shoY1er anc':. t:1e Deccrr..'bc r
observations all fell in tllo inte rval co..v cr cd by tho Gcminid s:10y;'.)r .
Thi s relationship ~nir-;ht i ndicate an attempt to rend.er the :::;rec,n f ire
balls less conspicuous by causin [~ t,;1om to e.pp<::o.r only \'!:",m th<- r e i s
considerable ;ncteoric a.c-':ivity .
( 8) As noted in an earlier com:·!lui1 ic:':iaon , the renar!~a1·; l y v~_vid
gr een color rer,or ted for most of the Decembe r firc baJ.ls i s r e.rely
observed in the c::,,sc of !l;Cn"':ne meteors . By l:.t1::oratory tos-::; t~'liS
peculiar color seems to be identical v1 i th tha':; g iven off by copper
salts in the blowpipe fla.'lle . I f ·:;hi.3 i dcn":;j_fica•tion i s correct .,
t he wave lon<:th of the:: r ncl i a tion f ro1:1 the, r;r ~c,n .;:'ircballs i s near
,, • 52laR. -
( 9 ) The duration es·ti rno.tes of betv,oen 2 e.nd 3 s econds r ~-;:-,ortod
for the e;r ecn fi r eballs o.rc considcrc.b ly longer than t:lose ( 0 ~4 -
O. 5 second s) for tho o r dinary visno.l ;- o·cco rs , but s'tortcr thw'l ·'.:he
duration ostimateo i nva.r ie.bl•r ro'">ort(,d in tho caso of a c;cnui:nc
motoor ito f~ l l (5 to 30 s c co~ds ; r oven longer) .
( 1.0 ) For none of' thu gr een fir eballs has a tn,i n of sparJ.~s or
a dust cloud been reported . 'i'hi s cor•tre.sts shar;;:)ly wi t;1 the be
havior noted in c ase of r,mtcoric f ircballs --par ticularly those
that penetr ate to th:, very lon levels ,·,her e t :1c 6 r con fir0ball of
December 12 was observed .
2. In the year an-:l a half s inc e this list v1as ~r ope.r ed , r.w.ny ad-
ditional observations have been made , the total numb er of objects nov,
accepted as bclonginb in the i:;r eon fir0bi3:ll cat :.,gory be in s 72 . ( Al
thour;h t his number constitutes nearly 50;~ of the :i.nciJcnts listed in the
accompanyi11g Swmnar y , i t cor:s-titut0s l ess than 5% of tho '..;otal number of
unscr eened observc.tions r .::portec. to the v1r:i.ter . ) Critical analysii:: o:::
all g reen fi r eball r eports noYi available s h01.·1s that onl'.' one of the
statOir.onts in t he list ~ivon in par aGr ~ph 1 needs to :~e" ·.:1oc1.il'~,cd ,
namely , i tem (1 ) . ihthin t!'tc last vear , a cons:dcrablt: nu..'T."Jer of the
g reen fircba.l ls hc.vc appeared ·to fall vcr •cicr.lly dovmv,ard r8.t;:0r th~n
C t\l l L h.L
--- PAGE 29 ---
4
t
., •
To : Lt . Colonel Doyle Rees - Pa;e 3
Subj: Anomalous Luminous Phenomena (Seventh Repor t) Nay 23 , 1950
to move horizonta lly . Howeve r, a strictly vertical infe.11 is also very
rarely observed in the case of genuine meteor fa l ls .
3. An analysis just completed of the time distribution of the s reen
fireballs so far observed permits us to add an 11th iten to the list of
differences given in paragraph 1 above . The graph of frequency versu s
local time which accompanies the presont r eport shov1s that the me.xii-mm
frequency of s igM;ing of green fireballs ( occurring at approxiJ'.1at€l~r
2030) coincides in t i me with neither the frequency maximum for ordinary
meteors ( occurrin:-; at approximately 0300) nor the f r equency ma:{imtun for
meteorite falls (occurrinB at approximately 1600) .
4. Inspection of the graph referred -to in paragre.ph 3 also v1ill
show that most of the gr een fireballs have been sir)1ted i n a time i n ter
val extending from about 5 p .m . to 11 p . m. (M31') . This concentration
might be even more pronounced if it Y1er e possible ·co screen out of the
secondary maximum , around 2 a . m. ( Jl3T) , all ordinary mete ors v1Lich have
been mistakenly identified as green fireballs . That such !'1.iside~tif .ica
tion has occurred is strongly suggested, by -t; he near coincidence in time
of the secondary maxi:'lum of the green fireballs and. the v,cll established
early mornin~ maximum of the ordinarJ meteors .
5. Some significance may attach to the fact that t he tir:10 interval
alluded to in parae;r o.ph 4 extends from about 7 a .m. to l p . m. in the Ural
rcg;ion of the USSR . Since miss iles movine; YJith velociti es of ·t;he order
of those found for the green fi r eballs for which real path detcrmino.tions
have been possible would travel f rom the southern Urals to rfow Mexico ' in
less than 15 minutes , a possible intcrprotation of the concentration of
sightings rcrerred to i n para~rapn 4 is that tho ~reon fireballs r esult
from guided missiles l aunched f rom basos in the Urals in tho mor nin3
hours befor e cloudiness due to convection or blin<linG afternoon dust
storms ca.n interfere v,ith non- radar tracking , such as has been used by
the Optical Trajectory Section at Uhite Sands Proving Ground .
6. Ther e is also a pronounced concentration of ~roen fireba ll
incidents on the four days , i"r iday , Saturday , Sunday , Monday , almost
all of the most widely observed incidents having occurr e d on Saturday
or Sunday .
7. It is a cur ious and fairly well - established fact that there
has been a distinct decline in the number of green fireball sightins s
during the last two months , v,ithin which the number of so- called 11 f ly
ing saucer 11 incidents in this region :'las attained an all- time high .
8. Although I have r ecently r eceived from Dr . Joseph Kaplan of ·Ghe
Scientific Advisory Board a letter containing thE: sto.tem-::1t "l' rank ly , I
don ' t knoY1 of any U. S . experi:ncnts that would rosul t in the a ppcc,rt>.ncc
of these unconventional objects , and neither docs Von Karman". I still
--- PAGE 30 ---
To : Lt . Colonel Doyle Rees - Po.ge 4
Subj : Anon alous Luminous Fhenomena (Seventh Rerort) )~y 23 , 1 950
consider the most probable explanation of the r;r een fire·:)alls +;o 1::e ·,he
one r.; iven in the first of the thre e para r;ra·· hs belo;-1 v1hich are q uoted
from -:rry letter of 1950 , Febn~ary 20 , t,o !.Jr . i~ . 1:. ·.,yckoff , C,1ief ~·. t::ios
pheric Fhys ics Laboratory , Base Direc·:;ora~e f or Geophys :.ca l :t0searc h .
The last tvJo paragraDhs q uoted bel oY1 well summarize ey r eco1rnnendatio:1.s
concernin(; t he g reen firebe.11 problem :
11
As a nr el i minary t o settin~ down -th e project recommen d ...tion s
,•,hich you reques·ted , I have very carefu ll·r r eviev1ed all uvaile.';le
fi reba ll data (obse r vers ' r eports , cransit meas •.:r e:--ients , cal culated
r e al paths , e tc . ) cover i n:; inc iden-t.s from those of Dc cer~b0r G, 1948
t o the extraordinary incident of Febr ue.ry 7 , 1950 , ,,hic:1 '.,as been
under i ntensive i nvesti,;ation l'or the l a st tv.o wcel::c . A.s a res u lt
or this cornpre!.ensive r eview, particula rl;• a s it re lates to the i n
cident of February 7 , 1950 , I i'e ol cor.:pelled to wr ite you in s oi,le
what differ ent terms concerninc my oy,n pa::-t i n the pr oposed fi reball
projee t than I had in :-n.ind d1e!" we las c discussed ·thi s matter . In
brief , I have come to the cone : usion tnat , on t he basis of t l-e
evidence now availab le to mo , I Y1oulr., not be justified in recornn.end
ing a fireball project . In ~, o pi:r..io,, , this evi<leace pr oves conclu
sh-ely tha.t the fireballs report ~d on fall i nto one of t-:10 c atei:;c rics :
Those of the first category ( che l".ajorit y) are ncteori-te falls o:i.'
unusual , but certainly not of im.nossible , r,~a'.;n it,,tde , f r eqncncy c.nd
other characteri s tics ; t hos e of the second c a-'.;egor y ( the minority)
are U. S . guided missiles undergoin~ tests i n the ne ighborhoods of
the sens i tive insto.llations t:1ey a r e desi?,;ned to defend . '.l.'hi s
inte rpretation of the latter category is ·the one tlw.t I pr o?oscd in
answer to a qu estion raised by Dr . '.i:'ellor at~ t.k: f ir st Los ,".. l l'~>no s
conference on Febr ,·ar y 17, 1949 . It r;as not 'Ga.lcen ser iously ·chen
and I doubt tha.t it v1ill be tal:on s e rioti sly a·t t::e pr e::io~';; time .
Howeve r, even if my interpretation of t,tc unconventional !' ireballs
is the cor r ect one , it is obvious t!1at ·t;Jiose i n posit ior. t o conf irm
it should r efuse ~o do so . 11
11
0nly one ctl,c r p oint need be s 1;r cssod , namely , that i f I o.rr.
Y1ron5 i n interpret in -:, tho ,~.uided ;;~i ssilcs c.s of U . S . ori:;in , t~H;r.
cer tainl;.' intensive , svs to:---ie:tic i nvo sti_ation of t.!:c~se ob jec·;:; s
should nc·i; be dela.ved un t il the ter.:-.in& ;;ion o2 tLo ,w c:;;ent acad€:1dc
O
year . Recent int0;.1.at i onal devc lopr:cnts co!;:pe l one to ~cnse "~ho
imperative necessity of i mmediate investie:ation of the unccnw:,ntion
al green f ireballs . in cas e yov are in ~1osscssio··. o-" inf'c:::-:ne:tion
proving that tney are not iJ . S . miss:'..les . 11
n If such c.n irmncdi o.te inves 'vii.;a·i;i on riere t o b::: undcrte}::c:-. , I
would r ccor,nend t:1at Dr . Freel L. ~fhipple , of Farvard Colle be Obse r
vator y , be placed in c har ge of the p!:oto:;;r aphic -:?'. ,as e c f tLe inves
tigation ; the.t Dr . Pet0r :.~. J<:illrnan , of the Dor..inion Obs erva tory ,
be placed in c harge of t>e spectrographic :_:ihase of the investi cz:i;i o11 ;
CONrIDEr ~TIAL
--- PAGE 31 ---
'I
1.
"
-,
~, r-,nsr 1C t f'r' ~
CV 'h i uw4.i i L trrlA
41
To : Lt . Colon el Doyle Rec s
Subj : Anomal ous Luminous
-
Pa;;c 5
11ionomcna ( Seventh Report) ;:ay 23 , 1S50
that Dr . L. A. Manning , of Stanford , and Dr . riillman be tile.cc8. :in
c har ge of tho re.dar invostii_;a·c ion ; and , f i nalJy , t h 2t !)r . • iillio.m
Crozie r , of t he Now i\ie:x:ico School of !fines , be placed in charge of
dust collec tion and idcntifico:cion . On the or.sis of many intcncive
field s1.:rveys , I do not anticipate that g;r ound search will lead to
any r ecoveries , but in case such gr otmd search is to be att0mptcd ,
it should be carr ied out on tiw scale str essed i!:1. ri~J conve r sations
11
with you and ?fo.jor Oder la.st month .
9. Although the a.cove:: paraz;r &.phs y;c r c ,·1rit ·i;en SO!-:tC months o.~o , the
r ecornmondations contai ned in them ar c the ones I 1·!ould u.r gc you to con
sider at the pr esent time . In conclus i on , . I should. liJ..:o to r cr>cat the
offe r made at tho end of my letter of Feb ruary 20 to Dr . ;;(yckoi'f , na-rncly
' to ser ve , if needed , as consultant on t he e;r ccn fird;e.11 project e,s •
su.g;gested in l:Iajor Oder' s letter ·l:;o me u.~der de.tc of t:ovcmbcr 29 , 19~9 ,
,,ith the stipulation , h.o,·,ever , that my service be on a vohmtary basis
rather than on tb.e ,:;40 p e r day con t r act specified in J-.:e .jor Od0r I s J.e-ttcr •.
Linco ln Le.Pai , Director
InstU;ut e of L ctcoritics
Univc r s i :,:,y of Ho•:J l.fo,dc o
--- PAGE 32 ---
Slf.HTJNGS
--- PAGE 33 ---
Sigr.ting No . 175
Photograph of Unknown Aerial Phenomena taken at Datil ,
New Mexico by Cpl Lert i s E . Stanfield, Holloman Air Force
Base, New Mexico on 24 and 25 Feb 1950 . An analysis of
the above photograph was made by Dr . Lincoln laPaz, Head
of the Institut e of Meteoritics, Univers ity of New Mexico,
Albuquerque, New Mexico, who reached the following con
clusions :
a. The angular diameter of the perfectly round
luminous object Stanfield observed was approx
imately 1/4 of a degree .
b. The angular velocity of the object in the sky
was greater than half _a degree per minute.
Dr. LaPaz stated that on the bas is of t he results (a)
and (b) above, the object seen by Stanfield was not t he
moon (for the angular. diameter is too small), it was not
Venus or any other planet (for the angular diameter ~as
too large), and it was not a bright fixed star slightly
out of focus (for the observed rate of motion is double
that due to the diurnal rotation of the earth).
--- PAGE 34 ---
1...,
~:.t .•
:{rel • ·1 1• • • ir - C!'ce u'.lSe , • . CT! , ·e:-:iCC:
Ll G:J:D :
• Jelie.'cility of CcserY01·s : \·2 - \er: ;?..~J.ia~lo Un!: - "Jn):n<"m :::elio.'.::ilit y
11
( 1) 11 Cree;i Firebal l l' '.1ononena. 11 ( 2) 0 :i.sl-:n or \ o.ri r-i.tion (3 ) Probable :_eteor
--- PAGE 35 ---
--- PAGE 36 ---
CONfIDG~IAL
--- PAGE 37 ---
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--- PAGE 38 ---
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--- PAGE 40 ---
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--- PAGE 44 ---
SUllt":lf.lry of Si~htings of Un2:nown Aerio.l Pheno:c:er.a , 17th District GSI (cont) Pa~e 11
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--- PAGE 47 ---
Su.'Tll'lle.ry o f Sightine;s of Unknown Aerial Phenomena , 17th Distrid; OSI (cont) P•.;:ge 14
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--- PAGE 48 ---
Summe.r y of Sighting s of Unknown Aer ial Phenomena , 17th Dis t ri ct OSI (cont ) Page 1 5
--- PAGE 49 ---
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Su.'1!mal"'J of Sightings of Un!::nov!n Aerial Phenomena , 17th Dis trict OS I ( cont ) Page 16
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Summar y of Sightings of UnlmovmAcr ial Fhonomeno. , 17th Distr ict OSI (cont) Page 17
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--- PAGE 51 ---
Surnme.ry of Sightings of Un1:no,m Aerial Phenomena , 17th District OSI (cont)
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--- PAGE 53 ---
Summary of S i ghti ngs of Unknown Ae rial Phenomena , 17th Distr ict GS I (con t) Page 20
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